What is Post-Concussion Syndrome? (Updated)

Post-concussion syndrome or persistent concussion symptoms (PCS) is a condition that occurs in some individuals after they have experienced a concussion or mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). It refers to a collection of persistent symptoms that last for an extended period beyond the initial injury. While most people recover fully from a concussion within a few weeks, some may continue to experience symptoms for months or even longer.

The exact cause of post-concussion syndrome is not entirely understood, but it is believed to result from various factors, including changes in brain chemistry, altered neural connections, and other physiological processes that follow the initial injury.

Symptoms of post-concussion syndrome can be diverse and may include:

Headaches: Often, persistent and may be more severe than the initial post-injury headaches.

Dizziness or vertigo: Feeling off-balance or experiencing a spinning sensation.

Fatigue: Persistent tiredness or a lack of energy.

Cognitive difficulties: Trouble concentrating, memory problems, and difficulty thinking clearly.

Sleep disturbances: Insomnia, disrupted sleep patterns, or excessive sleeping.

Sensory sensitivity: Increased sensitivity to light, noise, or certain smells.

Irritability and mood changes: Emotional disturbances, irritability, and mood swings.

Anxiety or depression: Feelings of worry, sadness, or hopelessness.

Visual disturbances: Blurred or double vision.

The treatment for post-concussion syndrome focuses on managing and alleviating the individual symptoms. This may involve rest and avoiding activities that worsen the symptoms, pain management, physical therapy, cognitive rehabilitation, and addressing any emotional or psychological effects. In some cases, medications may be prescribed to manage specific symptoms like headaches or mood changes.

It's important for individuals experiencing post-concussion syndrome to seek medical attention to ensure appropriate evaluation and management. Recovery from post-concussion syndrome can be gradual, and the duration varies from person to person. Most individuals do experience improvement over time, although some may have persistent symptoms that require ongoing support and care.

Remember if you are a survivor with PCS to keep your head up and take it one day at a time!